Combating Urban Heat Island Effect—A Review of Reflective Pavements and Tree Shading Strategies

Pavements occupy about 40% of urban land cover, with 75–80% black top roads, playing a critical role in connectivity and mobility. Solar energy is absorbed stored pavements leading to an increase surface temperatures. Decreasing green cover further contributing rise regional Due this activity, the city experiences heat island (UHI). This study presents review literature on mitigation measures combat UHI using reflective emphasis durability properties impacts tree canopy. The strategies focus application chip seals, white toppings, coatings were discussed. Role reflectance, including those from asphalt concrete pavements, albedo improvements, technological trends, waste materials, industrial by-products are presented. Also, shading systems’ contribution pavement temperature microclimate systems shows that development can reduce during daytime human thermal comfort. outcomes provide scope for future studies develop sustainable state-of-the-art engineering solutions field forest systems.